学了那么多表达方式和简单句子，我们终于要来讲一下语法了。第一个语法点就是定冠词。别小瞧了这定冠词，几乎你说的每句话中都要用到！如此重要，还不赶快拿笔边听边记！
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Hello there and welcome to have one another Italian lesson with me. Ok, let’s talk about articles. Articles are part of the speech and that usually go before the nouns.
大家好，欢迎回来！今天我们来说定冠词。也就是通常出现在名词之前的那个词。

In English, you always use “the”. In Italian, it actually depends on the name whether it is masculine, feminine, plural and singular.
在英语中，定冠词就只有the，但在意大利语里，定冠词可是要跟着名词的性数一起变化的

If you have a masculine, singular noun, for example, “cane”, the article goes before “cane” is “il”. (il cane)
阳性单数名词，用il作为定冠词。举例：il cane

If there are two dogs, that means it becomes “cani”, the article becomes “i”. (i cani)
阳性复数名词，用i作为定冠词。举例：i cani

Il: masculine, singular   e.s. il cane il + 阳性单数名词
I: masculine, plural       e.s. i cani   i + 阳性复数名词
词汇：
cane [s.m.] 狗

If you have a feminine noun for example “sedia”, you would say “la sedia”.
如果是阴性单数名词，用la。举例：la sedia

If there are two chairs, you would say “le sedie”.
如果是阴性复数名词，用le。举例：le sedie

La: feminine, singular     e.s. la sedia la + 阴性单数名词
Le: feminine, plural        e.s. le sedie le + 阴性复数名词
词汇：
sedia [s.f.] 椅子
There are “lo” and “gli”. “gli” is the plural form of “lo”.
还有一个比较特殊的是lo和gli。gli是lo的复数形式。

Stivale means boot. Lo stivale. Gli stivali.
举例：stivale阳性名词，意思是长靴，lo stivale, gli stivali.

In this case, you use “lo” instead of “il” because “stivale” begins with “s”. we call it “s impura” that means that s is followed by consonant letter which in this case is “t”.
你可能会疑惑，不是阳性名词吗？为什么不用il。因为这里s后跟的是辅音字母t。

So words beginning with “st”, “sc”, “z”. they need the article “lo”. And that’s the same for the plural “gli”.
所以，阳性名词开头是s+辅音，如：st,sc,z等等，要用lo，若是复数用gli.

So you use these articles, that are “il”, ”lo”, “la”, “i”, “gli”, “le”.
我们现在可以用定冠词了！

Il – i
Lo – gli
La – le
For example, give me the book i was reading yesterday.
In Italian, you would say, per favore, mi dai il libro che stavo leggendo ieri.
我们来举个例子，请给我我昨天读的那本书。

大家都记住了吗？其实，lucrezia并没有讲全，我再为大家梳理一遍。

阳性名词：
普通：单数——il; 复数——i
以s+辅音，gn，z，ps，y开头：单数——lo; 复数——gli
元音开头：单数——l' ; 复数——gli
e.s.
il libro; i libri 书
lo zaino/psicologo; gli zaini/psicologi 书包/心理医生
l'amico; gli amici 朋友(男）

阴性名词：
普通：单数——la; 复数——le
元音开头：单数——l' ;复数——le
e.s.
la sedia; le sedie 椅子
l'amica; le amiche 朋友（女）